Creating Food

This site is not meant to be a healthy cooking site. I tend to lean towards healthier cooking, but I'm not trying to push any particular diet. The goal of this site is to teach people how to cook and how to create food from what they have, not to tell people what to eat.

Tuesday, August 25, 2009

Tomatoes: Soup, Salad, and Sauce

As I mentioned yesterday, my kitchen is overflowing with tomatoes and zucchini, given to me by neighbors whose gardens are over-producing. While I am very grateful, it requires a bit of creativity to use it all. Today, I'll be talking about what to do with all the tomatoes

My very favorite tomato dish happens to be the simplest: tomato and mozzarella salad. It's not really a salad, though. It's just tomato slices stacked with mozzarella slices and drizzled with vinaigrette. Make sure to use the best quality mozzarella you can find, because it really makes a difference here. I also like, plain sliced tomatoes with salt, garlic salt or vinaigrette.

Since I am allergic to milk now, I can no longer have the combination of tomato and mozzarella. Besides, it's not conducive to using a lot of tomatoes at once. Salsa is a good option, but I don't really like it, so I skipped over that option. I decided on pasta sauce and tomato soup.

Before you can make either of these dishes, you need to peel the tomato. It's not as difficult as it sounds. Have ready a bowl of very cold or iced water. Bring a pot of water to a boil. While you're waiting for the water to boil, make a small, shallow slit at the bottom of each tomato. Drop them in the boiling water for 1 - 2 minutes, depending on how big the tomato is. Remove them with a slotted spoon and immediately put them in the cold water. After they've cooled, the skin will just slip right off.

Place the tomatoes in a food processor. You can remove the white part where the stem attaches to the tomato if you wish. Process until you've reached the desired consistency. I like my sauce chunky, but my soup very smooth. If you have made the tomatoes smooth, strain them through a fine mesh sieve to remove the seeds. If it's chunky, the seeds won't matter as much. If you're really worried about the seeds, you can remove them before placing the tomatoes in the food processor.

Here's where the differences between sauce and soup come in. Soup is simpler, so I'll start there. Pour the pureed tomatoes into a saucepan. Add basil, cream, and salt. Heat it to the desired temperature and serve. You can also pour it into freezer containers and freeze for later. It's that simple.

For pasta sauce, heat olive oil in the bottom of a skillet or Dutch oven. Add crushed or chopped garlic, and saute for a minute or two. Add your tomatoes and then add the desired seasoning. For a basic, but delicious, sauce, just use basil and a little salt and barely cook it. For a more traditional sauce, add Italian seasoning, salt, a little sugar and possibly beef bouillon and cook longer. You can also get a pizza kind of flavor by using oregano. Go gently with each addition and taste it before adding the next until you find what you like. Some seasonings, like oregano, strengthen in flavor with cooking, so it may be best to wait 5 minutes after adding a spice before taste-testing it.

Pasta sauce can also be put in freezer containers and frozen for later use. If you know how to can you can find recipes for canned tomato sauce. You can alter the spices in these, but do not alter the amounts of anything else, because you may encourage the growth of bacteria and spoilage. Pasta sauce was the first recipe in which I really experimented with seasonings and learned what spices I like. It's a perfect opportunity for you to enjoy the creative process and enjoy the food.

Sunday, August 23, 2009

Zucchini and the basics of frying

Well, it's that time of year again. My kitchen is overflowing with zucchini and tomatoes from my neighbors' gardens. Despite the fact that everyone has trouble getting rid of them, people continue to grow them both year after year. I'll talk about tomatoes tomorrow, but today I want to ask what do you do with your zucchini? There's the ever popular zucchini bread, but I prefer simpler, less time-consuming methods of preparation. Most of the time, I just shred it, marinate it in olive oil and garlic salt, and eat if raw. But if I want a real treat, I go for fried zucchini.

All basic, pan-fried foods are made by coating them with a breading and frying them in a small amount of oil in a skillet. This is the basic idea for frying zucchini.

The breading on pan fried foods usually requires 2-3 layers before putting it in the fat. The first layer is optional. It is simply coating the item in seasoned flour. Doing this has two effects. The first is that it dries out the item, so the egg layer sticks better. The second is that it makes the breading thicker and more flavorful.

After dipping the item in flour, you need to dip it in an egg-based liquid. Usually, it's egg mixed with a little water or milk. The egg layer acts as a glue to hold the breading onto the food. It will solidify when cooked, making it so that the grease does not soak into the food as much.

After dipping the food in the egg layer it's time to add the outer coating. Seasoned bread crumbs are great for this, but you can use flour, cracker crumbs, or cornmeal. When adding seasoning to the flour or crumbs, taste it before putting in on your food. Make sure it's a little more salty than you like so it has enough flavor for the egg and the food being fried.

It is often a good idea to let the food sit for a few minutes, up to an hour in the refrigerator, before frying. This helps the breading to dry out a little, which makes it hold together better in the pan. Then add oil to the skillet, enough to coat the bottom, and heat over medium high heat. The temperature will vary depending on the density and thickness of what you're frying. Zucchini slices are not very thick, and you don't want them to cook too much on the inside, so keep the heat as high as possible without making the oil smoke.

Cook the zucchini until golden brown and crispy on one side and flip over and cook the other side. Fried zucchini is best served hot and fresh. Here's a picture of the zucchini I had for breakfast yesterday.



I am allergic to egg, so I struggled for a long time trying to make a breading without egg. I finally discovered that if you make commercial egg replacer with a little less water than the directions call for, it makes a good substitute. So for these zucchini, I dipped it first in the egg replacer, then dipped in flour, seasoned with garlic salt and rosemary. The egg replacer was kind of foamy, so I had to kind of press the flour on it, but it worked just fine.

These breading directions can be applied to anything. This is the basics of frying everything from eggplant to chicken. The only difference is how much oil you use (for chicken pieces, you want about 1/4 to 1/2 inch) and the temperature of cooking. For very thick, dense things, like chicken or pork chops, brown the outside on medium to medium high heat, then cover and cook on low until done. Adjust the seasoning in the breading to fit your taste. Enjoy the creative process and enjoy the food.

Wednesday, August 19, 2009

I'll be back

Please pardon my lack of posts this week. I'm working on writing a book, which I would like to have mostly finished this week. It is taking all my time. I will be back next week with more creative cooking.

Sunday, August 16, 2009

Tostones: a 2 ingredient recipe

I tried a new recipe this afternoon from allrecipes.com, and for once I did not change it one bit. Normally, I only post things that I have created or altered, but this recipe is such a perfect example of a simple food. I love simple foods, because they are easy to prepare, and usually inexpensive, since they have few ingredients.

Tostones are basically fried plantains, and they are a staple (i.e. common or basic) food in Central and South America where plantains are common. They are served frequently with meals, much like Americans frequently serve mashed potatoes.

Plantains look a lot like bananas, but there are significant differences in taste. Plantains are usually not sweet until they are almost completely black. The tostones that I made today were from yellow plantains. They tasted like a cross between a green banana and a potato, and were not sweet at all. Here's the recipe.



Ingredients
1 plantain
oil for frying

Slice the plantain into chunks about 1 inch thick. Pour oil into a small skillet to a depth of about 1/2 inch. Heat the oil over medium high heat until hot. Place the plantain chunks into the oil and reduce heat to medium heat. Cook turning once or twice until light golden in color and softened somewhat. Remove from the oil. Using the bottom of a mug, flatten the plantain chunks to make patty shapes. You can also place the plantain pieces between sheets of wax paper and use your hand to flatten them. Return the patties to the oil and cook until dark golden brown on both sides. Drain on paper towels, sprinkle with salt if desired, and serve.

It may not sound like much, but I had this for lunch, and I was full after eating just this one plantain. If I were to have this with a meal, I would only be able to eat 3-4 slices.

This was my first experience with plantains, and I will definitely explore them more in the future. Trying new foods prepared in new, yet simple, ways is how I continue to enjoy the creative process and enjoy the food.

Saturday, August 15, 2009

The many uses of white sauce

What is white sauce? It's a mixture of some form of fat, flour, and milk. In it's most basic form it's often served as country gravy over biscuits or chicken fried steak. For most people, if they use it at all, that's where it ends. But, white sauce is an amazingly versatile recipe.

Before we go any further in its uses, let me give you the recipe.

2 T. white flour (whole wheat flour will work sometimes, but you need more of it)
2 T. fat (bacon drippings, fat from hamburgers, oil, butter)
1 cup milk (any kind: cow, rice, soy, almond, etc)

Heat the fat in a skillet or saucepan. Add the flour and cook, stirring constantly for about 2 minutes. This step is essential, because it removes the raw flavor of the flour. Slowly add the milk while stirring constantly. Continue to heat, stirring frequently, until the mixture thickens and begins to boil. You can season it to taste with salt and pepper. True southern gravy has quite a bit of pepper in it and is usually made from sausage or bacon drippings or ham fat.

The beauty of this mixture is that it has the consistency (though not the flavor) of cream. It can be used anywhere you want a non-sweet, creamy texture. One of the most common places I've seen it is in casseroles. It takes the place of the canned creamy soups that many people put in their casseroles. I've used it in place of mayonnaise in my spinach, artichoke dip.

Altering White Sauce
This sauce can be altered quite a bit. The flour can not be left out or changed, because its particular combination of flavor, gluten, and starch is essential to the way this works. Most basic gravies can be done with cornstarch, but the process is different. When using flour to thicken things, you need to add it to the fat, cook it, then add the liquid. When using cornstarch, you start with a liquid, then add a mixture of equal parts cornstarch and water.

Even though the flour cannot really be altered, the other ingredients are infinitely variable. The fat can be any fat. If you're making it as a gravy for meat, use the fat that you cooked the meat in. If you want no flavor from the fat, use oil. One of my favorite onion recipes is to saute onions in oil, then add the flour and milk to that. I serve it in an individual bowl and sprinkle it with cracker crumbs. Voila. Creamed onions. Sausage gravy is basically the same thing. Crumble and cook 1/2 pound of sausage. Add 4 T. of flour and cook that in. Then add 2 cups of milk and cook until thick. This is absolutely delicious over biscuits.

The real miracles take place when you start playing with the liquid. The best turkey gravy is made from the liquid that accumulates in the bottom of the pan while the turkey was cooking (called drippings). Add a little water to the pan, and scrape up the browned bits that are stuck to the pan. Pour these drippings into a measuring cup and skim off the fat into a smaller measuring cup. Taste the liquid. If it's too strong add water or milk. I usually end up with 3-4 cups of liquid from one turkey. Pour the fat into a pan. You want between 1 and 2 Tbsp. for each cup of liquid you have. Heat the fat then add 2 Tbsp of flour for each cup of liquid. Continue with the directions for white sauce, using the drippings instead of milk.

White sauces are used in so many recipes: souffles, alfredo sauce, gravies, sauces, casseroles. But the most amazing use I've ever seen is in chicken croquettes. Here's the recipe.

Ingredients
2 Tbsp butter (or any solid fat)
1/3 cup flour
1 cup milk (any kind)
2 1/2 cups finely chopped chicken (you can use canned)
1/2 cup finely chopped onion (optional)
salt or onion salt
Seasoned Breadcrumbs
Oil for frying

Use the butter, flour and milk to make a white sauce. It will be very thick because it has 3 times as much flour. Add the chicken and onion. Add salt or onion salt to taste (probably about 1/2 tsp.). Refrigerate this mixture until it is almost solid, at least 2 hours. Heat 1-2 Tbsp oil in a skillet. Form the chicken mixture into patty shapes and coat with breadcrumbs. Place in skillet and fry on both sides until golden brown. Serve warm. These do not keep very well.

White sauce is a perfect example of the amazing properties of flour. When you begin to understand the basics of cooking and how ingredients work together you will begin to enjoy the creative process and enjoy the food.

Thursday, August 13, 2009

Pasta: The Ultimate in Versatility

Pasta has to be one of the easiest ingredients to base a new recipe on. It's quite filling, but has a neutral flavor, which makes it great with almost anything. There's a basic formula that I use for creating a new pasta dish. This formula makes it really easy to use up leftovers or just to clear out some stuff from your cupboard or refrigerator.

The are 5 categories of foods that go into this formula: pasta, sauce, vegetables, meat, and cheese. I'll discuss each of these individually.

Pasta
Choose a pasta that fits well with the other ingredients you want to use. For the most part, it really doesn't matter, but traditionally you should use a bigger pasta when you have a chunky sauce and lots of big pieces of vegetables or meat. Smaller pastas go well with simple sauces and smaller or non-existent vegetables and meat. I'm not a big fan of restrictions like that, so I do not always follow it. Also, you can use rice instead of pasta in almost any pasta dish.

Sauce
There's much more to this category than plain old spaghetti sauce, although there are an amazing number of options there. You could make a sauce out of chopped tomatoes, garlic and basil, sauteed in olive oil. There are also other possibilities with alfredo, white sauce (which I will blog about further later), salsa, barbecue sauce, and anything else you can think of. A sauce doesn't have to be complex in flavor, either. It could be as simple as butter or olive oil.

Vegetables
This is where you have a chance to add more complexity to the dish, as well as a bit more nutrition. The vegetable can be as unobtrusive as spinach blended into the sauce or it can be a major component, like big pieces of broccoli placed over the top. There isn't a vegetable in existence that can't be worked tastefully into a pasta dish, but make sure it works well with the sauce. I tend to choose the vegetable and meat first, then I work the rest of the dish around those.

Meat
The meat can be anything as well. This is really a great way to use up leftover turkey, ham, chicken. You could even use sliced steak or ground beef. I've also found that if the sauce is strong enough, I can even get away with canned meats.

Cheese
When people think of cheese for pasta, they generally think of parmesan and, maybe, mozzarella. These really are the best, if you're using a tomato-based sauce, but you really don't have to be limited to these. For example, macaroni with barbecue sauce and hamburger would go great with American cheese, for an excellent cheeseburger macaroni.

Pulling it all together
The most important thing to remember about this formula is that any element can be left out. That includes the pasta. Choose the ingredients you want to use, then it's time to decide how to serve it. You could just mix it all together in a pot and serve it like Hamburger Helper. You can also layer it or mix it in a baking dish and bake it. My favorite way to serve things like this is to make it a little more like a restaurant. I place the pasta in the middle of the plate, pour sauce over it and top it with veggies and/or meat. This doesn't work for everything so just think about what would work best with the ingredients you're using.

Here's my family's favorite pasta. It was created to find a way of making pasta without the expense of buying or making pasta sauce. My family loves simplicity which explains why they love this stuff. They call it Mommy's Special Pasta. My oldest son actually requested this for his birthday dinner more than once.



Ingredients
1 lb. angel hair pasta or vermicelli
1/4 c. extra virgin olive oil (I've never measured it, but this should be close)
basil
garlic salt
Parmesan cheese

Boil the pasta according to package directions. Drain it and transfer to a serving bowl. Drizzle the olive oil over the top. Toss until the pasta is coated with oil and doesn't stick. Sprinkle with basil and garlic salt. Toss this until the basil is evenly distributed. If you add the parmesan while the pasta is still really hot, it will melt. This is the way I used to make it. Now I serve the parmesan at the table so I can leave it out for myself.

If you decide to try to make this lower in fat, you can use chicken broth instead of olive oil. But you need to serve it right away. The chicken broth will absorb into the pasta, and leftovers will be sticky and mushy.

Pasta is a most amazing food. It's the ultimate in versatility. If you had 5 ingredients that you used for each of the elements in this formula, you could come up with 125 different dishes. Even if half of them weren't that great, you'd have over 60 different fabulous meals. It's a great way to enjoy the creative process and enjoy your.

Tuesday, August 11, 2009

Simple is Best: Poached Sole

The following is one of my favorite fish recipes of all time.

Buttery Sole
2-3 Fillets of sole (a mild white fish), thawed
1 1/2 Tbsp butter (gotta be real butter)
Garlic salt to taste

Melt the butter in a skillet that is large enough to hold the fish in a single layer. Place the fish in the melted butter and sprinkle garlic salt on top. Cover the skillet with a lid. Keep the temperature of the burner on medium to medium-low to prevent the butter from browning. When the fish begins to turn white, spoon some of the melted butter on top of the fish. This will spread the flavor and help the top to cook. Cover and cook until all the fish is solid white and the thickest part flakes easily with a fork. Remove to a plate and spoon the butter over the fish and serve. Add more garlic salt if desired.

That recipe was one of my favorite creations for a long, long time. It was a sad, sad day when I realized that being allergic to milk meant I could never have it again. Butter has some milk in it, and margarine simply does not work well in this recipe. I just didn't cook it for a while, and went back to broiling my sole or not eating it at all.

One evening, I was looking for something to eat. It was late at night, and I didn't want something heavy or complicated, but I did want protein. I thought that fish might be nice, but all my fish was frozen. I have used frozen fish in the oven, but I didn't want to heat up the kitchen. I decided to see what would happen if I used frozen fish in a skillet. I knew it had to be a thin fillet, otherwise it would dry out before it was cooked through. So, I settled on sole. It was the perfect opportunity to try a new version of my Buttery Sole.

Before I describe what I did, you have to know a little bit about how fish is frozen. First, they flash freeze the fish. Then they dip the frozen fish in water, and freeze it again. Sometimes they repeat that process up to 2 more times. So when you thaw out the fish, you get a piece of fish, swimming in melted ice.

I knew when I put the frozen fish in the hot pan that the ice would melt. I decided to use that water to prevent the fish from sticking to the pan. No fat, not even cooking spray, would be needed. It worked as I expected and the process was much like poaching, which is basically cooking something in simmering water. So, here's a picture and the final recipe.



2-3 frozen fillets of sole
buttery popcorn salt

Heat a non-stick skillet over medium heat until you can feel the heat rising from the pan. If you don't have a non-stick skillet, you may need to add a little water to prevent sticking. Place the fillets in the skillet and cover. Covering the pan prevents the water from evaporating too quickly. Cook until the fish is solid white and the thickest part flakes easily with a fork. If the pan stays covered, you won't need to turn the fish over, because the steam will cook the top. Remove the fish to a plate and sprinkle with popcorn salt (or any other salt or seasoning you like).

This recipe is so simple. It has a little less flavor than the Buttery Sole, but it does let the fish shine through. Sole is one of those kinds of fish that really doesn't need any help, so it works perfectly for something like this. This creation reflects something that I learned long ago, but still have to re-learn occasionally. Some of the best creations are simply making the most of something that's already good. You don't need 10 ingredients, 5 steps, and 30 minutes to make something fantabulous. Just look for something that's already good, and prepare it as simply as possible. That is the simplest, fastest, and easiest way to enjoy the creative process and enjoy the food.